Vinca Major

Dense vinca cover suppresses spring ephemerals like trout lily through shading and root competition

Native green and gold can be suppressed by aggressive vinca major groundcover

Rare trailing arbutus is easily overwhelmed by aggressive vinca major

Native shinleaf is vulnerable to displacement by dense vinca major groundcover

Dense vinca major groundcover shades out native violets and may produce growth-inhibiting compounds

Aggressive vinca major outcompetes delicate native hepatica for light and nutrients